Beet | Description, Root, Leaf, Nutrition, & Facts (2024)

plant, Beta vulgaris cultivar

verifiedCite

While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies.Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.

Select Citation Style

External Websites

Britannica Websites

Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.

  • beet - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11)
  • beet - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)

printPrint

Please select which sections you would like to print:

verifiedCite

While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies.Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.

Select Citation Style

Feedback

Thank you for your feedback

Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

External Websites

Britannica Websites

Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.

  • beet - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11)
  • beet - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)

Also known as: beetroot, garden beet, table beet

Written and fact-checked by

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Article History

beet

See all media

Also called:
beetroot, common beet, or garden beet
Related Topics:
root
root vegetable
Beta vulgaris
vegetable
borscht

See all related content →

beet, (Beta vulgaris), one of the four cultivated forms of the plant Beta vulgaris of the amaranth family (Amaranthaceae), grown for its edible leaves and taproot. Beetroots are frequently roasted or boiled and served as a side dish. They are also commonly canned, either whole or cut up, and often are pickled, spiced, or served in a sweet-and-sour sauce. The leaves of garden beets can be cooked like spinach or eaten fresh if picked young. Beetroots are a good source of riboflavin as well as folate, manganese, and the antioxidant betaine. Beet greens are a source of riboflavin, iron, and vitamins A, C, and K. For related cultivated forms of B. vulgaris, see chard and sugar beet.

Physical description

The garden beet is a biennial plant and is primarily grown for the thick fleshy taproot that forms during the first season. In the second season a tall, branched, leafy stem arises to bear clusters of minute green flowers that develop into brown corky fruits commonly called seedballs. The taproot ranges in shape from globular to long and tapered. Skin and flesh colours are usually dark purplish red, though some are nearly white or orange. Beetroots should be smooth, firm, and unblemished; medium-sized specimens are the most tender. The oblong leaves typically have a red petiole (leaf stem) and midrib and can be harvested continually throughout the first growing season, though production slows in the heat of summer. Overharvesting of the leaves can negatively affect the size of the beetroot. In mild climates the plant can overwinter, though the leaves turn bitter and unpalatable when the plant flowers in its second season.

Britannica QuizFruit or Vegetable? A Quiz

Cultivation

Beets are most extensively grown in temperate to cool regions or during the cooler seasons; the growing season is about 8 to 10 weeks in favourable climates. They grow best in deep loose soils that are high in organic matter; they respond well to chemical fertilizers and manures. Grown extensively under irrigation, beets tolerate a relatively high salt content of the soil but are sensitive to high acidity and to a low content of boron. Boron deficiency retards growth and causes black lesions in the root flesh.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia BritannicaThis article was most recently revised and updated by Melissa Petruzzello.

Beet | Description, Root, Leaf, Nutrition, & Facts (2024)

FAQs

Beet | Description, Root, Leaf, Nutrition, & Facts? ›

The leaves of garden beets can be cooked like spinach or eaten fresh if picked young. Beetroots are a good source of riboflavin as well as folate, manganese, and the antioxidant betaine. Beet greens are a source of riboflavin, iron, and vitamins A, C, and K. For related cultivated forms of B.

What is the nutritional value of beet leaves? ›

Beet greens, cooked, boiled, drained, without salt, 1 cup (1" pieces)
Protein (g)3.7
Phosphorus, P (mg)59.04
Potassium, K (mg)1308.96
Sodium, Na (mg)347.04
Zinc, Zn (mg)0.72
34 more rows

What are beet root leaves good for? ›

Nutritional benefits of beetroot leaves

Beetroot leaves are a fantastic source of: Vitamin C, which gives your immune system a well-deserved kick up the backside, while also keeping your skin glowing and healthy. Vitamin A, which helps keep your eyes nice and healthy. That's right, carrots aren't the only one!

What part of the beet is most nutritious? ›

The leaves and roots of beets are packed with nutrition, including antioxidants that fight cell damage and reduce the risk of heart disease. They're one of the few vegetables that contain betalains, a powerful antioxidant that gives beets their vibrant color.

Are beet greens healthier than spinach? ›

Beet greens have a similar colorful look as swiss chard and can be consumed in much of the same way. They also are very high in iron with a higher iron count than spinach as well as vitamin K, B6, magnesium and potassium. They are also a great source of fiber.

What is the most nutritious way to eat beet greens? ›

Add them to a smoothie.

Since beet greens have a mild and sweet flavor, adding them to a smoothie is an easy way to disguise them while still consuming their nutritional density. Adding a handful of these greens will boost the vitamin and mineral count in your favorite smoothies without altering the flavor.

Are beet greens more nutritious than kale? ›

They're far more delicious than those of kale and collards. They're also more nutritious. Beet greens are some of the most nutrient-rich greens around, containing more antioxidants and other phytonutrients than the bulbous roots themselves, according to Jo Robinson, author of Eating On The Wild Side.

Is it healthier to drink beet juice or eat beets? ›

Both eating beets and drinking beet juice will give you anti-inflammatory betalains and other phytonutrients. If you're looking to enhance athletic performance, drink up. Juicing beets delivers a concentrated dose of nitrates, antioxidants, vitamins and minerals. However, you lose the fiber when you juice the beets.

Are beet greens more nutritious, raw or cooked? ›

Beet greens have oodles of nutritional value, from fiber and protein to vitamins C, K, and B9. You can eat beet greens raw or cooked. No matter how you choose to chow down, you could enjoy health perks like a stronger immune system, healthier teeth, and a healthier digestive tract.

Is beetroot anti-inflammatory? ›

Beets are also rich in nitrates, which reduce inflammation by removing harmful compounds from your bloodstream. This combination of betalains and nitrates makes beets a great choice for people with inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or fibromyalgia.

Are beets better for you raw or cooked? ›

Cooking beets decreases the bioavailability of dietary nitrate from the food, meaning raw beets deliver more dietary nitrate.

Are beet greens anti inflammatory? ›

Rich in Nutrients: These greens are a nutrient powerhouse, providing essential vitamins A, C, and K, as well as minerals like potassium, iron, and calcium. Antioxidant-Rich: Beet greens are packed with antioxidants that support overall health, protect against oxidative stress, and help reduce inflammation in the body.

What is the healthiest leafy green? ›

Greens are also low in calories, but high in nutrients and volume, which can be helpful if you're trying to manage your weight," Moore points out. Some of the most nutritious greens include spinach, kale, romaine, watercress, and arugula (see "Salad greens by the numbers").

What is the healthiest way to eat beets? ›

Retain the good-for-you nutrients in beets by roasting them or sautéing them instead. Or lightly steam them for just a few minutes, suggests Doyle.

Will beet greens lower blood pressure? ›

Leafy greens such as spinach, Swiss chard, kale, beet greens, and collards pack a punch when it comes to lowering high blood pressure. They're sources of magnesium, as well as potassium, an essential nutrient for preventing or lowering high blood pressure.

Is it better to eat beets raw or cooked? ›

Raw or Cooked? Cooked. Low in calories and high in nutrients, cooked beets reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke. Benefits: Naturally occurring compounds in beets improve blood flow, help keep arteries healthy and reduce LDL cholesterol (the 'bad' kind).

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Jamar Nader

Last Updated:

Views: 6454

Rating: 4.4 / 5 (75 voted)

Reviews: 90% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Jamar Nader

Birthday: 1995-02-28

Address: Apt. 536 6162 Reichel Greens, Port Zackaryside, CT 22682-9804

Phone: +9958384818317

Job: IT Representative

Hobby: Scrapbooking, Hiking, Hunting, Kite flying, Blacksmithing, Video gaming, Foraging

Introduction: My name is Jamar Nader, I am a fine, shiny, colorful, bright, nice, perfect, curious person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.